نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية
المؤلف
أستاذ مساعد في قسم التاریخ، کلیة الآداب والعلوم الانسانية، جامعة الإمام الخمیني الدولیة، قزوین، إیران..
المستخلص
الكلمات الرئيسية
عنوان المقالة [English]
المؤلف [English]
The religious institution of ḥisbah (the Islamic system of public moral oversight and market regulation), in light of historical circumstances, played a decisive role in the social relations of Shi‘a communities in the Persian Gulf region. Given Bahrain’s particular geographical position, this institution held significant importance in preserving social cohesion and shaping the historical development of Bahraini society during the Islamic period. An examination of the nature of this institution, especially considering the active role of Shi‘a scholars (‘ulama’), shows that Bahraini society—based on its historical conditions and needs in the spheres of economy, livelihood, and social relations—relied on the fundamental principle of close ties between religious scholars and the broader community in order to safeguard the public interests of Muslims against ruling authorities. Through this institution, efforts were made to establish order, security, and social cohesion, and to protect the Shi‘a community from the excesses and overreach of contemporary governments. This study employs an analytical method based on library research to address the central question: What factors contributed to the social significance of the religious institution of ḥisbah in Bahrain up to the advent of colonialism? The primary hypothesis suggests that, due to the deep interconnection between geographical conditions and political and social practices, a distinctive model centered on the institution of ḥisbah prevailed in Bahrain. Various economic, religious, political, and social factors influenced the determination of the role and position of this institution in Bahraini society.
الكلمات الرئيسية [English]