Foundational Teachings of Islam for Peaceful Coexistence with Non-Muslims

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant Professor, Islamic Sciences and Culture Academy, Qom, Iran.

10.22081/ihc.2026.73658.1102

Abstract

Peaceful coexistence—free from violence and harshness—with other human beings is among the most fundamental prerequisites of human life. Islamic teachings consistently emphasize tolerance and forbearance toward others, including non-Muslims, and stress the importance of peaceful coexistence with them. The central question addressed in this article is: What foundational and essential teachings does Islam offer in support of peaceful coexistence with non-Muslims? In other words, what are the core principles of Islam in engagement and interaction with non-Muslims?
Through a descriptive–analytical method, this study demonstrates that Islam recognizes peaceful coexistence with non-Muslims as a fundamental and underlying principle and strongly affirms it. Islamic teachings emphasize the freedom of non-Muslims as well as the protection of their lives and property. They also call for good conduct toward non-Muslims and respect for their rights. Observance of these principles by Muslims fosters a peaceful environment—free from violence and conflict—within Islamic society and provides the context for cultural and civilizational growth and development.

Keywords

Al-Tarikh Va Al-Hazarah Al-Islamiyah Royat al-Mu'asirah
Volume 6, Issue 1
March 2026
Pages 196-221

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History

  • Receive Date: 14 March 2025
  • Revise Date: 03 May 2025
  • Accept Date: 24 August 2025

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